Introduction
Gyro failure is a serious concern in the maritime industry that can lead to disastrous consequences. It is essential to understand the causes and consequences of gyro failure to prevent any mishaps at sea.
Causes of Gyro Failure
Gyro failure can occur due to various reasons, including mechanical failure, electrical failure, or a combination of both. Mechanical failures can be caused by worn-out bearings, damaged rotors, or incorrect installation. Electrical failures can be caused by faulty wiring, damaged sensors, or incorrect calibration. It is crucial to conduct regular maintenance and testing to identify any potential issues before they become serious problems.
Effects of Gyro Failure
The effects of gyro failure can be catastrophic. It can lead to navigational errors, which can cause ships to run aground or collide with other vessels. It can also lead to loss of life and damage to the environment. It is essential to take preventive measures to ensure that the gyro is functioning correctly at all times.
Preventive Measures
Regular maintenance and testing of the gyro are essential to prevent gyro failure. It is recommended to conduct daily, weekly, and monthly checks to ensure that the gyro is functioning correctly. It is also essential to ensure that the gyro is calibrated correctly and that all wiring and sensors are in good condition. In case of any issues, it is crucial to address them immediately to prevent any further damage.
What to Do and How to Avoid It
If you are in charge of a vessel, you know how important it is to have all the equipment working properly, especially when it comes to navigation. One of the essential tools is the gyrocompass, an electrically-driven gyroscopic disc that spins at extremely high speed to maintain its relative axis in relation to space. However, in the event of gyrocompass failure, it’s crucial to know what actions to take to avoid potential hazards. Here are the suggested steps to follow:
Inform the Master
The first thing to do in case of gyrocompass failure is to inform the Master. The Master should be made aware of the situation as soon as possible to ensure that they can make informed decisions regarding the safety of the vessel and crew.
Activate the Backup Gyrocompass
If a second gyrocompass is available, it should be activated. This will ensure that the vessel still has a functioning navigational tool. However, if a second gyrocompass is not available, the following measures should be taken.
Switch to Magnetic Compass
Change over to hand steering for steering with a magnetic compass, with the application of Compass deviation value with Deviation curve and observation, or to TMC (Transmitting Magnetic Compass) Autopilot, where fitted. This will allow the vessel to continue to navigate, albeit with a less accurate tool.
Consider the Effect on Other Equipment
It’s essential to consider the effect on other navigational and communication equipment that has a gyro feed, especially Radar/ ARPA and ECDIS. Enter headings manually and plot positions more frequently to confirm the course made good and allow correction to the course steered. In coastal waters, make good use of parallel indexing techniques to keep the vessel on the charted track. Additionally, secure the True course run (Course made good) by plotting the GPS position and verifying it with the Heading of a Magnetic Compass.
Reduce Speed
If necessary, reduce the speed of the vessel. This will reduce the risk of potential hazards and give the crew more time to react in the event of an emergency.
Check the Instruction Manual
While waiting for repairs, check the Instruction Manual for a troubleshooting guide. This may help in finding a temporary solution to the problem.
Inform the Office
Inform the office to enable them to arrange for repairs at the next port. This will ensure that the vessel is in good working order for the next voyage.
Caution Pilots
Caution pilots at the next port about Gyro unavailability. This will ensure that they are aware of the situation and can make informed decisions.
Bridge Control Telegraph Failure
Another important piece of equipment on a vessel is the Bridge Control Telegraph, which is used to communicate with the engine room. In the event of a failure, the following actions should be taken:
Inform the Duty in E/R and C/E: The first thing to do is to inform the Duty in E/R (Engine Room) and C/E (Chief Engineer). This will ensure that they are aware of the situation and can take necessary measures.
Switch to Engine Room Control: Switch to Engine Room Control, which will enable communication with the engine room. This will ensure that the engine can be controlled even in the event of Bridge Control Telegraph failure.
Establish Emergency Communication with E/R: Establish emergency communication with the E/R. This will ensure that any necessary repairs or actions can be taken quickly and efficiently.
E/R to be in Manned Condition: Ensure that the E/R is in a manned condition to avoid any potential hazards.
Advise the Office: If unable to rectify the problem, advise the office for arranging repair. This will ensure that the equipment is in good working order for the next voyage.
Compass Adjustment: Compass adjustment is the process of placing magnets and iron masses to neutralize the effect
Conclusion
In conclusion, gyro failure is a serious concern in the maritime industry that can lead to disastrous consequences. It is essential to understand the causes and effects of gyro failure and take preventive measures to ensure that the gyro is functioning correctly at all times. Regular maintenance and testing are crucial to identify any potential issues and address them immediately. By following these measures, we can ensure the safety of the crew, passengers, and the environment.